Plato
(BC: 427 AD: 347)
SOUMYA GHOSH.
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle — the three brightest stars in the world of human thought and knowledge. The thought that arose in Socrates; Plato, Aristotle gave him the form of a coherent philosophy. Not only are they the best philosophers in Greece, but they are also epoch-makers in the world of knowledge throughout Europe. Plato was one of the limited numbers of people who were born with God’s undeserved kindness — he was born into an aristocratic family.
He was fortunate in his beauty, his sweet voice, his extraordinary intelligence, his desire for knowledge, and his discipleship of a guru-like Socrates.
The father was a prominent figure in Athens. But the nobility of the aristocracy never touched him. He was always indifferent to politics and state affairs. The intricacies of real life, the limitless world of knowledge would have attracted his mind more than problems. From childhood, he was thoughtful and imaginative. At one time Athens was rich in everything. Athens was at war with Sicily when Plato was a teenager. The catastrophe of Athens began after this war. The dictatorship was established by destroying democracy in the country. Deterioration and corruption were seen in all spheres of society.
Plato was educated by various teachers. Some of them have learned music, some of them have taught art, some of them have taught literature and some of them have taken science lessons. Plato had a deep respect for Socrates from his childhood. Socrates’ knowledge attracted him to his teaching methods as a teenager. Twenty years later he became a disciple of Socrates.
The young Plato soon became Socrates’ favorite disciple. Plato was his constant companion even in times of danger.
Socrates was assassinated in the name of justice. Socrates died but the light of his wisdom shone in the disciple Plato. Not only was Plato a favorite disciple of Socrates, but he was also the bearer of the guru’s knowledge. Such deep reverence for the Guru is seen in very few disciples. Whatever Plato wrote, for the most part, his main hero was Socrates. This has created a problem for the people of the North. Plato has published all his dialogue theories centering on Socrates. Plato has always kept himself hidden never revealed. Plato’s remarkable description of the last days of Socrates ‘life in his book, The Last Days of Socrates’ Life, is unparalleled in the world. It is hard to believe that a talented man like Plato could have blindly followed Socrates and expressed his opinion. His conversations have been composed for a long time. It is unacceptable that a great philosopher like Plato would preach Socrates all his life. So the idea of scholars, Plato expressed his own opinion. The source and inspiration for all these opinions is the life of Socrates and his words.
Plato was deeply shocked by the death of the Guru. Within a few years, Athens was destroyed by Sparta. And he left thinking that it was not safe to stay in Athens. Whenever he went to any country, he used to discuss various issues with the learned scholars of that country. Just as his vision and knowledge spread one day, so did his reputation as a scholar and philosopher spread little by little. Within a few years, his fame spread. After living in exile for ten long years, he finally returned to Athens.
Great disciple of the great guru. Bumblebees came rushing in from all around with the scent of flowers, and the students flocked to Plato. Socrates would go out and teach in public with his disciples, but Plato could not accept the teaching in the open. Plato had a garden house on the outskirts of the city, where he opened an educational center, named the Academy. Manisha shared her knowledge with the students of this academy. A notable event in his life is that he went there as an adviser at the urging of the rulers of the island of Sicily. He wanted to make Sicily an ideal state. The thinking of philosophers never coincides with the thinking of statesmen. So in the end he returned to Athens with a failed mind. In the light of his experience, he wrote that the form of the Republic-an ideal state has blossomed there. There was no discipline of philosophy before Plato. He established him on a solid foundation. Gave him a new consonant. He has given people a new light of wisdom through lifelong pursuit. Europe rejected him but the Arabs accepted him. Arab scholars rediscovered him. Again his idealism was spread all around. Plato and Aristotle were the two most influential people in the world of European thinking.
Plato’s thought has become an eternal truth beyond his age. Plato’s thoughts are fully expressed in his Republican texts. One of the best books in world literature. Although the book is mainly about politics, there are various issues related to the need for politics. Everything needed in human life and society — physical education, art, literature, education, and even reproductive science — is also included in this book. Plato divided the citizens of the state into three groups — (1) the ruling community, (2) soldiers, (3) the people and slaves.
The state is well-governed when there is harmony in the work of the three departments and each one fulfills its responsibilities properly. He said the ruling community needs knowledge, governing power — soldiers need courage, heroism, people need restraint and loyalty to the rulers. The progress and decline of the state largely depend on the rulers. That is why Plato gave the most important to the election of the ruler.
He believed that there was no place for dictators in state power. “The existence of the state is not just for sustaining life. As long as a person lives, he will live the best life. ” In his state system, there will be no difference between high and low, there will be mutual friendship and friendship. In The Loss, he says, the townspeople will all know and understand each other. Nothing could be better than this in the case of the state.
Reproductive Science — The people of ancient Greece placed the greatest importance on a healthy and strong body. They were not inclined to keep the weak sick child alive. Plato supported this view. Therefore, he said, those whose bodies are diseased should not have any children. Although Plato’s views may seem cruel at first glance, they are not worthless in social terms. Plato had a deep fascination with music. He believed that music completes human life, develops human qualities. Plato had a deep respect for women. He believed in liberal principles regarding their education. In that era, many women became worthy companions of men. He thought men ignored egotistical women. This egoism of Greek men did not touch Plato. He saw that women were the source of inspiration for many Greek philosophers.
One day he was invited to the wedding of a friend’s son. After a while, he got tired of the noise of the call. Went to the next room to rest but the sound of joy was growing louder and louder. Everyone present forgot about the old philosopher. Once the marriage ended. The newlyweds entered Plato’s room to receive the blessing. Plato then fell into a deep sleep. He will not wake up at the call of any man in the world.
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